Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: What We Learned about the Feasibility of Gene Electrotransfer for Vaccination on a Model of COVID-19 Vaccine

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071981

Figure Lengend Snippet: ELISA kits.

Article Snippet: Anti-S mouse IgG , GENLISA™ Mouse Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) IgG Antibody to Spike S1 + S2 ECD Protein Quantitative TITRATION ELISA , Krishgen BioSystems.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Titration

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: A Multiplex Noninvasive Salivary Antibody Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Application in a Population-Based Survey by Mail

doi: 10.1128/Spectrum.00693-21

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (EPA_S) in 22 paired serum and saliva samples.

Article Snippet: The results also demonstrated that the S protein produced at EPA utilizing a plasmid obtained from BEI Resources (EPA_S) was the best-performing protein (ranking top in all 500 runs) while Acro Biosystems (Newark, DE, USA) S and N proteins (AB_S and AB_N, respectively), RBD protein expressed at EPA using another plasmid from BEI Resources (EPA_RBD), and ProSci (Fort Collins, CO, USA) S2 protein (PS_S2i) were among the top five best-performing SARS-CoV-2 proteins ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: A Multiplex Noninvasive Salivary Antibody Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Application in a Population-Based Survey by Mail

doi: 10.1128/Spectrum.00693-21

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibody responses to a parsimonious set of SARS-CoV-2 proteins by COVID-19 status and symptom severity. (A) Spike protein (EPA_S); (B) receptor binding domain (EPA_RBD); (C) nucleocapsid protein (AB_N); (D) stalk subunit S2 of S protein (PS_S2i). Protein IDs are defined in Results and Table 2 . MFI, mean fluorescence intensity.

Article Snippet: The results also demonstrated that the S protein produced at EPA utilizing a plasmid obtained from BEI Resources (EPA_S) was the best-performing protein (ranking top in all 500 runs) while Acro Biosystems (Newark, DE, USA) S and N proteins (AB_S and AB_N, respectively), RBD protein expressed at EPA using another plasmid from BEI Resources (EPA_RBD), and ProSci (Fort Collins, CO, USA) S2 protein (PS_S2i) were among the top five best-performing SARS-CoV-2 proteins ( ).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Fluorescence

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: A Multiplex Noninvasive Salivary Antibody Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Application in a Population-Based Survey by Mail

doi: 10.1128/Spectrum.00693-21

Figure Lengend Snippet: Associations between salivary IgG responses to the best-performing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (EPA_S) and to nucleocapsid protein (AB_N) (A), receptor binding domain (EPA_RBD) (B), and stalk subunit S2 of spike protein (PS_S2i) (C) by COVID-19 status and symptom severity. Seropositivity cutoff line from a logistic regression model with two predictors is shown for the EPA_S-versus-AB_N plot in panel A.

Article Snippet: The results also demonstrated that the S protein produced at EPA utilizing a plasmid obtained from BEI Resources (EPA_S) was the best-performing protein (ranking top in all 500 runs) while Acro Biosystems (Newark, DE, USA) S and N proteins (AB_S and AB_N, respectively), RBD protein expressed at EPA using another plasmid from BEI Resources (EPA_RBD), and ProSci (Fort Collins, CO, USA) S2 protein (PS_S2i) were among the top five best-performing SARS-CoV-2 proteins ( ).

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: A Multiplex Noninvasive Salivary Antibody Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Application in a Population-Based Survey by Mail

doi: 10.1128/Spectrum.00693-21

Figure Lengend Snippet: Time interval from the onset of illness or diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection versus the intensity of salivary IgG responses to recombinant SARS-CoV-2 proteins with a spline function and 95% confidence intervals (dashed lines) for the mean values (solid lines). (A) Spike protein (EPA_S); (B) receptor binding domain (EPA_RBD); (C) nucleocapsid protein (AB_N); (D) stalk subunit of spike protein (PS_S2i).

Article Snippet: The results also demonstrated that the S protein produced at EPA utilizing a plasmid obtained from BEI Resources (EPA_S) was the best-performing protein (ranking top in all 500 runs) while Acro Biosystems (Newark, DE, USA) S and N proteins (AB_S and AB_N, respectively), RBD protein expressed at EPA using another plasmid from BEI Resources (EPA_RBD), and ProSci (Fort Collins, CO, USA) S2 protein (PS_S2i) were among the top five best-performing SARS-CoV-2 proteins ( ).

Techniques: Infection, Recombinant, Binding Assay

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Article Title: A Multiplex Noninvasive Salivary Antibody Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Application in a Population-Based Survey by Mail

doi: 10.1128/Spectrum.00693-21

Figure Lengend Snippet: Associations between salivary IgG responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (EPA_S) and to spike proteins of endemic coronaviruses procured from Sino Biological (SB). Lines show 95% confidence intervals (dashed lines) and mean values (solid lines). (A) HKU1 (SB_HKU1_S); (B) OC43 (SB_OC43_S); (C) NL63 (SB_NL63_S); (D) 229E (SB_229E_S).

Article Snippet: The results also demonstrated that the S protein produced at EPA utilizing a plasmid obtained from BEI Resources (EPA_S) was the best-performing protein (ranking top in all 500 runs) while Acro Biosystems (Newark, DE, USA) S and N proteins (AB_S and AB_N, respectively), RBD protein expressed at EPA using another plasmid from BEI Resources (EPA_RBD), and ProSci (Fort Collins, CO, USA) S2 protein (PS_S2i) were among the top five best-performing SARS-CoV-2 proteins ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Design and development of a SARS and MERS Combination Vaccine

doi: 10.1101/2025.10.27.683653

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZRS=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS; blue=vaccines formulated with alum and MPLA; red=vaccines formulated with alum and CpG; orange=vaccines formulated with SWE. ZRS03=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS version 3 containing as antigens the S1 sub-unit of (SARS2-Wuhan + SARS2-variant [either alpha, beta or gamma] + SARS1-bat) (ZRS04, ZRS05 see ). Alum=aluminium hydroxide; CpG=CpG oligodeoxynucleotides; MPLA=Monophosphoryl-Lipid A; SWE=Squalene-in-Water-Emulsion.

Article Snippet: A SARS2 spike primary mouse antibody (CE5, Native Antigen Company, MAB12443) was included as a positive control, and normal mouse serum (Invitrogen, 10410) used as a negative control.

Techniques: Recombinant, Vaccines, Variant Assay, Emulsion

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Design and development of a SARS and MERS Combination Vaccine

doi: 10.1101/2025.10.27.683653

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZRS=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS; blue=vaccines formulated with alum and MPLA; red=vaccines formulated with alum and CpG; ZRS03=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS version 3 containing as antigens the S1 sub-unit of (SARS2-Wuhan + SARS2-variant [either alpha, beta or gamma] + SARS1-bat) (see ). Antigens tested see . Alum=aluminium hydroxide; CpG=CpG oligodeoxynucleotides; MPLA=Monophosphoryl-Lipid A.

Article Snippet: A SARS2 spike primary mouse antibody (CE5, Native Antigen Company, MAB12443) was included as a positive control, and normal mouse serum (Invitrogen, 10410) used as a negative control.

Techniques: Recombinant, Vaccines, Variant Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Design and development of a SARS and MERS Combination Vaccine

doi: 10.1101/2025.10.27.683653

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZRS=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS; blue=vaccines formulated with alum and MPLA; red=vaccines formulated with alum and CpG; ZRS03=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS version 3 containing as antigens the S1 sub-unit of (SARS2-Wuhan + SARS2-variant [either alpha, beta or gamma] + SARS1-bat) (see ). Alum=aluminium hydroxide; CpG=CpG oligodeoxynucleotides; MPLA=Monophosphoryl-Lipid A.

Article Snippet: A SARS2 spike primary mouse antibody (CE5, Native Antigen Company, MAB12443) was included as a positive control, and normal mouse serum (Invitrogen, 10410) used as a negative control.

Techniques: Recombinant, Vaccines, Variant Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Design and development of a SARS and MERS Combination Vaccine

doi: 10.1101/2025.10.27.683653

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZRS=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS; blue=vaccines formulated with alum and MPLA; MP; red=vaccines formulated with alum and CpG; ZRS03=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS version 3 containing as antigens the S1 sub-unit of (SARS2-Wuhan + SARS2-variant [either alpha, beta or gamma] + SARS1-bat). (see ). Alum=aluminium hydroxide; CpG = CpG oligodeoxynucleotides; MPLA=Monophosphoryl-Lipid A.

Article Snippet: A SARS2 spike primary mouse antibody (CE5, Native Antigen Company, MAB12443) was included as a positive control, and normal mouse serum (Invitrogen, 10410) used as a negative control.

Techniques: Recombinant, Vaccines, Variant Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Design and development of a SARS and MERS Combination Vaccine

doi: 10.1101/2025.10.27.683653

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZRS=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS; orange=vaccines formulated with SWE; ZRS04=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS version 4 containing as antigens the S1 sub-unit of (SARS2-Wuhan + SARS1-bat) (see ). Antigens tested see . SWE=Squalene-in-Water-Emulsion.

Article Snippet: A SARS2 spike primary mouse antibody (CE5, Native Antigen Company, MAB12443) was included as a positive control, and normal mouse serum (Invitrogen, 10410) used as a negative control.

Techniques: Recombinant, Vaccines, Emulsion

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Design and development of a SARS and MERS Combination Vaccine

doi: 10.1101/2025.10.27.683653

Figure Lengend Snippet: a. Neutralisation of ACE2 receptor SARS-CoV2 interaction; b. SARS-CoV2 in vitro viral neutralisation. ZRS = Zoogenic Recombinant SARS; orange = vaccines formulated with SWE; ZRS04 = Zoogenic Recombinant SARS version 4 containing as antigens the S1 sub-unit of (SARS2-Wuhan + SARS1-bat) (see ). SWE = Squalene-in-Water-Emulsion.

Article Snippet: A SARS2 spike primary mouse antibody (CE5, Native Antigen Company, MAB12443) was included as a positive control, and normal mouse serum (Invitrogen, 10410) used as a negative control.

Techniques: In Vitro, Recombinant, Vaccines, Emulsion

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Design and development of a SARS and MERS Combination Vaccine

doi: 10.1101/2025.10.27.683653

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZRS = Zoogenic Recombinant SARS; orange = vaccines formulated with SWE; ZRS04 = Zoogenic Recombinant SARS version 4 containing as antigens the S1 sub-unit of (SARS2-Wuhan + SARS1-bat) (see ). SWE = Squalene-in-Water-Emulsion.

Article Snippet: A SARS2 spike primary mouse antibody (CE5, Native Antigen Company, MAB12443) was included as a positive control, and normal mouse serum (Invitrogen, 10410) used as a negative control.

Techniques: Recombinant, Vaccines, Emulsion

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Design and development of a SARS and MERS Combination Vaccine

doi: 10.1101/2025.10.27.683653

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZRS=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS; orange=vaccines formulated with SWE; ZRS05=Zoogenic Recombinant SARS version 5 containing as antigens the S1 sub-unit of (SARS2-Wuhan + SARS1-bat) and MERS (see ). ISO=isotonic formulation; Antigens tested see . SWE=Squalene-in-Water-Emulsion.

Article Snippet: A SARS2 spike primary mouse antibody (CE5, Native Antigen Company, MAB12443) was included as a positive control, and normal mouse serum (Invitrogen, 10410) used as a negative control.

Techniques: Recombinant, Vaccines, Formulation, Emulsion